Which defect in FRP is characterized by surface bubbles forming due to moisture in the laminate?

Blistering is the defect in fiberglass-reinforced polymer (FRP) that occurs when moisture becomes trapped within the laminate during the curing process or following exposure to humid conditions. This trapped moisture leads to the formation of bubbles or blisters on the surface of the material. These bubbles can weaken the bond between the layers of the laminate, potentially compromising the structural integrity of the FRP.

Understanding blistering is crucial, as it can indicate issues with the manufacturing process or environmental factors that could affect the longevity and performance of the FRP material. Identifying and addressing blistering early can prevent further damage and ensure the effectiveness of the composite in its application.