What type of inspection involves evaluating the physical conditions of materials?

The type of inspection that specifically involves evaluating the physical conditions of materials is often referred to as a Physical Inspection. This inspection focuses on assessing the material properties, surface conditions, and overall integrity of the bridge components. By examining factors such as wear, corrosion, cracking, and deformation, inspectors can determine the current state of the materials used in the bridge construction.

While other types of inspections, such as Visual Inspections, primarily involve an observational approach without detailed measurement or evaluation of material properties, a Physical Inspection delves deeper into analyzing the condition and performance of the materials. Instrumentation typically pertains to the use of sensors and devices to collect data about the structure's performance under load or environmental conditions, rather than assessing physical material conditions directly. Structural Assessment encompasses a broader evaluation that may include both visual observations and data collected from physical inspections, but the term is more general and does not specifically highlight the evaluation of materials themselves.

Thus, identifying Physical Inspection as the correct answer emphasizes the focused assessment of physical material conditions, which is crucial for determining the durability and safety of the bridge.