What type of concrete deck consists of panels cast offsite without a wearing surface?

The correct answer indicates that the type of concrete deck in question consists of panels that are precast offsite and then transported to the construction site for installation without requiring an additional wearing surface. This means that the panels are designed with the required strength and durability directly from the manufacturing process, allowing for quicker installation and reduced construction time on site.

This method also typically emphasizes consistent quality control during the casting of the panels, as they are produced in a controlled environment. The absence of a wearing surface implies that these panels are designed for immediate load-bearing without additional coverings, which is particularly useful in certain applications, such as bridges where the weight and load distribution are critical.

Other types of concrete decks mentioned do not fit this description. Conventionally reinforced precast decks may or may not have wearing surfaces, and monolithic decks typically refer to those cast in one continuous pour on site, rather than precast. Composite panels generally incorporate different materials or layers (creating a composite structure), which isn't aligned with the characteristics of the panels described in the question.