Expansion joints, wearing surfaces, and approach slabs are examples of:

Expansion joints, wearing surfaces, and approach slabs are categorized as bridge management elements because they play essential roles in maintaining the functionality and safety of a bridge. These components are integral to ensuring that the bridge can accommodate various stresses and movements due to thermal expansion, load variations, and environmental factors.

Bridge management elements focus on aspects that contribute to the long-term performance and durability of the bridge. This includes not only the materials used but also how these components work together to effectively manage the bridge's structural integrity and usability over time.

While it might be tempting to categorize these components as bridge design elements, the distinction lies in the ongoing management and maintenance tasks associated with them. Inspection tools would refer to the equipment used to evaluate the condition of these elements, not the elements themselves. Additionally, although they are structural components, the term is broader and typically refers to load-bearing members of the bridge rather than the management aspects.

Overall, recognizing these components as management rather than purely design or structural elements emphasizes their role in the continuous upkeep and operational effectiveness of the bridge throughout its lifespan.